Aristolochic Acid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Aristolochic Acid - see ExampleAristolochic cutting is a rodent carcinogen found in the genus genus Aristolochia and Asarum species, both in the Aristolochiaceae family of plants such as the Aristolochia fangchi 1. botanics Known or Suspected to Contain Aristolochic Acid 4Botanical Name*Common or Other NamesAristolochia spp.AristolochiaGuan mu tongGuang mu tongAristolochia acuminata Lam. Syn. Aristolochia tagala Champ.ellipse leaf Dutchmans pipeAristolochia argentina Griseb.Aristolochia baetica Linn. Syn. Aristolochia bracteolata Lam.Aristolochia bracteata Retz.UkulweAristolochia chilensis Bridges in Lindl.Aristolochia cinnabarina C.Y. Cheng & J.L. WuAristolochia clematitis L.BirthwortAristolochia contorta BungeMa dou lingTian xian tengAristolochia cymbifera Mart. & Zucc.Mil homensAristolochia debilis Siebold & Zucc. Syn. Aristolochia longa Thunb.Syn. Aristolochia recurvilabra HanceSyn. Aristolochia sinarum Lindl.Ma dou lingTian xian tengQing mu xiang Sei-mokkou (Japanese)Birthwort Long birthwortAristolochia elegans Mast.Syn. Aristolochia hassleriana ChodatAristolochia esperanzae KuntzeAristolochia fangchi Y.C. Wu ex L.D. Chow & S.M. HwangGuang fang jiFang jiMokuboi (Japanese)Kwangbanggi (Korean)Fang chiKou-boui (Japanese)Aristolochia fimbriata Cham.Aristolochia indica L.Indian birthwortAristolochia kaempferi Willd.Syn. Aristolochia chrysops (Stapf) E.H. Wilson ex Rehder Syn. Aristolochia feddei H. Lv. Syn. Aristolochia heterophylla Hemsl. Syn. Aristolochia mollis Dunn Syn. Aristolochia setchuenensis Franch. Syn. Aristolochia shimadai Hayata Syn. Aristolochia thibetica Franch. Syn. Isotrema chrysops Stapf Syn. Isotrema heterophylla (Hemsl.) Stapf Syn. Isotrema lasiops Stapf Yellowmouth Dutchmans... Aristolochic acid (AA) is a known genotoxic mutagen and is generally derived from plant extracts and is formed from aristolochic acid I (AAI) and aristolochic acid II (AAII), 20, 22, 17, 25 it is potentially carcinogenic to most rodent species 12, 13, 5, 25 and in h umans 6, 15, 25. The formation of DNA adducts by Aristolochic acid (AA) gives it its mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, due to the process of reductive metabolic activation where both types of AAs (AA I and AA II) react with the nucleic acids ampere and guanine 18, 19, 25.Specimen exists at New York Botanical Gardens. Tropicos does not list this species as a synonym for any Thottea species. Kew Gardens Herbarium does not recognize the genera Bragantia. Until additional information is obtained we will use the name as cited in J. Nat. Products 45657-666 (1982)Using a laboratory-made pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method set at the dynamic mode, Aristolochic acids I and II can be extracted from medicinal plants. If the intended extracts will be extracted from medicinal plants, spiking (addition of enzymes or different catalytic substances) will not be done, but ultrasonic and Sohxlet extraction will both be done to determine the accuracy of the techniques.